Homo erectus Hyoid Bone

Coll Antropol. 2008 Dec;32(4):1007-11.
A Homo erectus hyoid bone: possible implications for the origin of the human capability for speech
Luigi Capasso, Elisabetta Michetti, Ruggero D'Anastasio
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19149203/

Unlike the hyoid of the Neanderthal from Kebara, this one is not a fully human and functional one. B U T, it is also certainly not an ape hyoid. I'll cite the abstract of the paper a few times:

The hyoid bone body shows the bar-shaped morphology characteristic of Homo, in contrast to the bulla-shaped body morphology of African apes and Australopithecus.

Creationist conclusion, Homo erectus was human.

The almost total absence of muscular impressions on the body's ventral surface suggests a reduced capability for elevating this hyoid bone and modulating the length of the vocal tract in Homo erectus.

Creationist conclusion, this Homo erectus or Homo erectus in general, had a handicap.

The shield-shaped body, the probable small size of the greater horns and the radiographic image appear to be archaic characteristics; they reveal some similarities to non-humans and pre-human genera, suggesting that the morphological basis for human speech didn't arise in Homo erectus.

Conclusion of this Creationist: Stalin had a pre-Flood, more successful predecessor.

Stalin’s ape-man Superwarriors
First published: 20 August 2007, Re-featured on homepage: 4 April 2012
by Russell Grigg
https://creation.com/stalins-ape-man-superwarriors

So, Stalin failed, thank God. Someone in pre-Flood times seems to have asked demons to use CRISPR to insert ape genes to create supersoldiers, and a side effect was the speech handicap. Orc breeding. Or, this is what happened naturally, when fallen angels tried to do what human fathers do, as a punishment.

Either way, such things would have been one of the things contributing to violence and injustice on earth, and one of the reasons for the Flood of Noah.

Hans Georg Lundahl
Paris
Epiphania Domini
6.I.2025

PS, the Hyoid bones in Sima de Huesos were human:

J Hum Evol. 2008 Jan;54(1):118-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.07.006. Epub 2007 Sep 5.
Human hyoid bones from the middle Pleistocene site of the Sima de los Huesos (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain)
I Martínez, J L Arsuaga, R Quam, J M Carretero, A Gracia, L Rodríguez
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17804038/

The Atapuerca SH hyoids are humanlike in both their morphology and dimensions, and they clearly differ from the hyoid bones of chimpanzees and Australopithecus afarensis. Their comparison with the Neandertal specimens Kebara 2 and SDR-034 makes it possible to begin to approach the question of temporal variation and sexual dimorphism in this bone in fossil humans. The results presented here show that the degree of metric and anatomical variation in the fossil sample was similar in magnitude and kind to living humans.

Written By Ancient Sheepherders ... (aka Shepherds)

Well, King David actually was one. Moses, part time, was some kind of herder in Madian (between ages 40 and 80, after an education at the Egyptian court).

It is not untrue, technically, especially if you ignore the NT and think the books of Moses and the Psalms are the best content of the OT.

Are shepherds bad authors? Or bad politicians?

Amanda Owen, Seymour Stedman, Mills O. Burnham, Badea Cârțan, Jacques Inaudi ... they don't seem to be unintelligent. I don't think shepherding causes brain rot. Some would say cell phones do, I don't know, but please don't read this on a cell phone anyway, it shows badly, try to get at it on a real PC (like I do when writing it).

But people who make this comment about the Bible might maintain they had a poor education level. Hmmm ... not before shepherding became a distinctly underclass thing, which it became by being less well paid than farming. But people used to that might have a prejudice, and they might go after prejudice, just like people pretending I can't be a writer go by a prejudice about the homeless, which I currently am. I did however spend 7 years at university and do five years and a week worth of exams before becoming homeless. Since half time of the last integral term was Polish, people think I should be able to converse in Polish. But i returned The Magician's Nephew in Polish translation and the Polish dictionary to a library in 2004 and since then I have not been around occasions to practise Polish much. When Polish homeless criticise me when I hold up a URL at begging, I can however pick out if they say "ten sam list" (the same "leaf" or cardboard), and was actually surprised to recall that much. Listening to lively concersations at homeless shelters about subjects that bore me (like looking for building work or how many other places for homeless there are) is however not a practise inducing me to pay attention and get my Polish going.

However, even if your education level was "zero" (at least as far as booklearning is concerned), being taught by God is not a bad education. He created the mind, and having perfect omniscience, He knows whatever it will be that the shepherd (or royalty or priest or fisherman or tentmaker or whatever) will need to know and whatever his audience will have need for up to the end of time, within the scope of what He can reveal to this shepherd or that adoptive son of a Pharao or such and such a king ... not to mention the full time prophets.

I'm not going to be ashamed of a shepherd author if he was taught by God. Neither should you.
/Hans Georg Lundahl