Assorted retorts from yahoo boards and elsewhere: Three Questions on PIE and Yamnaya (with one debate continued under Continued Debate with "Germanic Syntax") · Creation vs. Evolution: Is There a Correct Use of Stone Age, Bronze Age, Iron Age? · Early human remains found to carry R1b · Would Proto-Indo-European Diverge Into Hittite, Mycenaean Greek, Indo-Aryan in The Biblical Time-Frame? · Φιλολoγικά / Philologica: Can a PIE Spread with Anatolian Farmers be Defended?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R1b
&
New Tables
Creation vs. Evolution, Thu 13 Aug 2020
http://creavsevolu.blogspot.com/2020/08/new-tables.html
- 2711 B. Chr.
- 0.302799 pmC/100, so dated as 12 611 B. Chr.
- I) 14 000 BP = 12 000 BC
- Villabruna 1 (individual I9030), a Western Hunter-Gatherer (WHG), found in an Epigravettian culture setting in the Cismon valley (modern Veneto, Italy), who lived circa 14000 BP and belonged to R1b1a.[1][8]
1) Fu Q, Posth C, Hajdinjak M, Petr M, Mallick S, Fernandes D, et al. (June 2016). "The genetic history of Ice Age Europe". Nature. 534 (7606): 200–5. Bibcode:2016Natur.534..200F. doi:10.1038/nature17993. hdl:10211.3/198594. PMC 4943878. PMID 27135931.
8) Mathieson 2018, Supplementary Table 1, Row 467.
Mathieson I, Alpaslan-Roodenberg S, Posth C, Szécsényi-Nagy A, Rohland N, Mallick S, et al. (March 2018). "The genomic history of southeastern Europe". Nature. 555 (7695): 197–203. Bibcode:2018Natur.555..197M. doi:10.1038/nature25778. PMC 6091220. PMID 29466330.
- 2688 B. Chr.
- 0.328739 pmC/100, so dated as 11 888 B. Chr.
- ...
- 2607 B. Chr.
- 0.428224 pmC/100, so dated as 9607 B. Chr.
- II) 11200 BP = 9200 BC
- Several males of the Iron Gates Mesolithic in the Balkans buried between 11200 and 8200 BP carried R1b1a1a. These individuals were determined to be largely of WHG ancestry, with slight Eastern Hunter-Gatherer (EHG) admixture.[9]
9) Mathieson 2018, Supplementary Table 1, Rows 251-272. (see 8 under I)
- 2585 B. Chr.
- 0.45483 pmC/100, so dated as 9085 B. Chr.
- ...
- 2466 B. Chr.
- 0.532551 pmC/100, so dated as 7666 B. Chr.
- III) 9500 BP = 7500 BC
- Several males of the Mesolithic Kunda culture and Neolithic Narva culture buried in the Zvejnieki burial ground in modern-day Latvia c. 9500–6000 BP carried R1b1b.[10][11] These individuals were determined to be largely of WHG ancestry, with slight EHG admixture.[10]
10) Jones 2017. Jones ER, Zarina G, Moiseyev V, Lightfoot E, Nigst PR, Manica A, et al. (February 2017). "The Neolithic Transition in the Baltic Was Not Driven by Admixture with Early European Farmers". Current Biology. 27 (4): 576–582. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2016.12.060. PMC 5321670. PMID 28162894.
11) Mathieson 2018, Supplementary Table 1, Rows 205-245. (see 8 under I) - IV) 9500 BP = 7500 BC
- Several Mesolithic and Neolithic males buried at Deriivka and Vasil'evka in modern-day Ukraine c. 9500-7000 BP carried R1b1a.[12] These individuals were largely of EHG ancestry, with significant WHG admixture.[13]
12) Mathieson 2018, Supplementary Table 1. (see 8 under I)
13) Mathieson 2018, pp. 2–3. (see 8 under I)
- 2444 B. Chr.
- 0.545151 pmC/100, so dated as 7444 B. Chr.
- ...
- 2377 B. Chr.
- 0.584214 pmC/100, so dated as 6827 B. Chr.
- V) 8700 BP = 6700 BC
- A WHG male buried at Ostrovul Corbuli, Romania c. 8700 BP carried R1b1c.[14][15][16]
14) González-Fortes et al. 2017, pp. 8–9.
González-Fortes G, Jones ER, Lightfoot E, Bonsall C, Lazar C, Grandal-d'Anglade A, et al. (June 2017). "Paleogenomic Evidence for Multi-generational Mixing between Neolithic Farmers and Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherers in the Lower Danube Basin". Current Biology. 27 (12): 1801–1810.e10. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.05.023. PMC 5483232. PMID 28552360.
15) González-Fortes et al. 2017, p. 4, Table 1, OC1_Meso. (see 14)
16) Sánchez-Quinto et al. 2019, Extended Dataset 1.3, OC1.
Sánchez-Quinto F, Malmström H, Fraser M, Girdland-Flink L, Svensson EM, Simões LG, et al. (May 2019). "Megalithic tombs in western and northern Neolithic Europe were linked to a kindred society". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 116 (19): 9469–9474. doi:10.1073/pnas.1818037116. PMC 6511028. PMID 30988179.
- 2355 B. Chr.
- 0.596678 pmC/100, so dated as 6605 B. Chr.
- ...
- 2309 B. Chr.
- 0.621506 pmC/100, so dated as 6259 B. Chr.
- II 8200 BP = 6200 BC
- Iron Gate 8200 BP carried R1b1a1a
- VI) 8200 BP = 6200 BC
- A male buried at Lepenski Vir, Serbia c. 8200-7900 BP carried R1b1a.[17]
17) Mathieson 2018, Supplementary Table 1, Row 298, I4666. (see 8 under I)
- 2287 B. Chr.
- 0.63387 pmC/100, so dated as 6037 B. Chr.
- ...
- 2243 B. Chr.
- 0.657496 pmC/100, so dated as 5693 B. Chr.
- VII) 7500 BP = 5500 BC
- An EHG buried near Samara, Russia 7500 BP carried R1b1a1a.[18]
18) Mathieson 2018, Supplementary Table 1, Row 153, I0124. (see 8 under I)
- 2220 B. Chr.
- 0.680023 pmC/100, so dated as 5420 B. Chr.
- 2198 B. Chr.
- 0.692256 pmC/100, so dated as 5248 B. Chr.
- VIII) 7200 BP = 5200 BC
- An Eneolithic male buried at Khvalynsk, Russia c. 7200-6000 BP carried R1b1a.[19]
19) Mathieson 2018, Supplementary Table 1, Row 375, I0122. (see 8 under I)
- 2175 B. Chr.
- 0.694483 pmC/100, so dated as 5175 B. Chr.
- IX) 7178~7066 BP = 5178~5066 BC
- A Neolithic male buried at Els Trocs, Spain c. 7178-7066 BP, who may have belonged to the Epi-Cardial culture,[20] was found to be a carrier of R1b1.[21][22][23]
20) Haak et al. 2015, Supplementary Information, pp. 26-27. Haak W, Lazaridis I, Patterson N, Rohland N, Mallick S, Llamas B, et al. (June 2015). "Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe". Nature. 522 (7555): 207–211. arXiv:1502.02783. Bibcode:2015Natur.522..207H. doi:10.1038/nature14317. PMC 5048219. PMID 25731166.
21) Haak et al. 2015, Extended Data Table 2, I0410. (see 20 under IX)
22) Haak et al. 2015, Supplementary Information, pp. 44-45. (see 20 under IX)
23) Mathieson 2018, Supplementary Table 1, I0410. (see 8 under I)
- 2153 B. Chr.
- 0.706677 pmC/100, so dated as 5003 B. Chr
- IV 7000 BP = 5000 BC
- Several Mesolithic and Neolithic males buried at Deriivka 7000 BP
- ...
- 2086 B. Chr.
- 0.743062 pmC/100, so dated as 4536 B. Chr.
- X) 6500 BP = 4500 BC
- A Late Chalcolithic male buried in Smyadovo, Bulgaria c. 6500 BP carried R1b1a.[24]
24) Mathieson 2018, Supplementary Table 1, Row 73, I2430. (see 8 under I)
- XI) 6450 BP = 4450 BC
- An Early Copper Age male buried in Cannas di Sotto, Carbonia, Sardinia c. 6450 BP carried R1b1b2.[25]
25) Marcus et al. 2020, Supplementary Data 1, A Master Table, Row 25, MA89.
Marcus JH, Posth C, Ringbauer H, Lai L, Skeates R, Sidore C, et al. (February 2020). "Genetic history from the Middle Neolithic to present on the Mediterranean island of Sardinia". Nature Communications. 11 (1): 939. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11..939M. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-14523-6. PMC 7039977. PMID 32094358.
- 2064 B. Chr.
- 0.754934 pmC/100, so dated as 4364 B. Chr.
- ...
- 2019 B. Chr.
- 0.778962 pmC/100, so dated as 4069 B. Chr.
- III 6000 BP = 4000 BC
- Several males of the Mesolithic Kunda culture and Neolithic Narva culture 6000 BP
- 1996 B. Chr.
- 0.790927 pmC/100, so dated as 3946 B. Chr.
- ...
- 1952 B. Chr.
- 0.81476 pmC/100, so dated as 3652 B. Chr.
- XII) 5600 BP = 3600 BC
- A male of the Baalberge group in Central Europe buried c. 5600 BP carried R1b1a.[26]
26) Mathieson 2018, Supplementary Table 1, Row 128, I0559. (see 8 under I)
- XIII) 5500 BP = 3500 BC
- A male of the Botai culture in Central Asia buried c. 5500 BP carried R1b1a1 (R1b-M478).[27]
- 1935 B. Chr.
- 0.8273 pmC/100, so dated as 3485 B. Chr.
- XIV) Not Dated
- 7 males that were tested of the Yamnaya culture were all found to belong to the M269 subclade of haplogroup R1b.[28] de Barros Damgaard P, Martiniano R, Kamm J, Moreno-Mayar JV, Kroonen G, Peyrot M, et al. (June 2018). "The first horse herders and the impact of early Bronze Age steppe expansions into Asia". Science. 360 (6396): eaar7711. doi:10.1126/science.aar7711. PMC 6748862. PMID 29743352.
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