Michael Oard Mixing Issues - and Avoiding What I Brought Up Previous to Now

Here is today's article from CMI:

Can the relative timing of radioisotope dates be applied to biblical geology?
by Michael J. Oard
http://creation.com/can-the-relative-timing-of-radioisotope-dates-be-applied-to-biblical-geology

Here are some "quotes" from it, with my comments under them.*

"The idea of using relative radiometric dating as a template for biblical earth history mostly sandwiches 4.567 billion years of uniformitarian history into 377 days of biblical earth history."

That is not even Anne Habermehl, since she is placing all of the radio dated timeline in post-Flood history. But as I will be seeing, there are others than she in the field.

And most who think that most of the million years dated things are from the Flood (as opposed to post-Flood or sometimes pre-Flood) are also not into using their relative dates as a relative timeline.

Carbon dates of Flood material usually do give about the same relative time : 20,000 - 50,000 BP.

I personally like to make the carbon dated place of the Flood be more precise, around 35,000 or 37,000 BP.

Now, I'll leave carbon dates for a moment and follow Oard's text:

"Both Baumgardner and Snelling make assumptions about the earth’s past outside of the Bible that drive their version of natural history and our ability to date its details by converting secular dates. One assumption is that the chronostratigraphic timescale is reliable. This allows them to claim the pre-Flood/Flood boundary is at or near the base of the Cambrian, and remain confident that this correlation point is valid all over the earth."

We are dealing with very different things when it comes to carbon dates and when it comes to chronostratigraphy.

With carbon dates you find one sample which dates as 40,000 BC, is a Neanderthal, and you ask if he or she died before the Flood, and you find another sample which carbon dates 15,000 BC and you feel confident it was after the Flood. The dates are related to the remaining content of C-14 as compared to the overall content of C, mostly C-12. The fudge factor behind the non-Biblical or Anti-Biblical Dates is how much the carbon 14 level rose.

That is one fudge factor which I am perhaps in today's world uniquely involved in circumscribing with relative constraints. On my view, anything which carbon dates 15,000 BC, unless it's an object which can be explained by reservoir effect, close to ice caps, must for instance be AFTER Flood but also BEFORE Exodus or even Abraham. When exactly is up for debate, and I am doing, not just one table but diverse tables, which are meant to give different options, some of which can then later be eliminated (though not from my writings) as not the true one because contradicting this or that or other certain fact from Bible, Tradition or History.

Chronostratigraphy, on the other hand, is a vicious circle in which two ends of one state (US) can have two types of fauna, one dinosaur and one pelykosaur, and then the excavated layer with the pelykosaur be considered as "lower" because it contains a fossil presumed to be "older" than the dinosaur.

"Thus, the Paleozoic is the ‘early Flood’, the Mesozoic is the ‘middle Flood’, and parts of the Cenozoic are the ‘late Flood’."

This is totally wrong, a pelykosaur is "late Palaeozoic (Permian)" or possibly "early Mesozoic (Triassic)", while a dinosaur is "Mesozoic" (especially "mid" or "late", i e "Jurassic" or "Cretaceous").

But the strata are NOT (and any familiarity with vertebrate palaeontology can tell you that, but it seems rare in CMI!) over and under each other on some one site where you find the dino higher or the pelykosaur lower. In other words, the evidence as we have it for vertebrate palaeontology is perfectly (at least for land vertebrates) compatible with having come there by the dinos and pelykosaurs simply having been buried fairly quickly in their natural habitat. The situation is a bit as if today's most typical fauna were buried and replaced by some which is now untypical, our mammals would be a matter for cryptozoology or palaeontology, and someone finds a wolf and a reindeer here and a moose and a bear there, and a third place, they find a wold with a bear and moose, but you never find moose with reindeers.

The reason as we know it is that reindeers and moose don't do the same habitat.

And then some palaeo considers wolf as extending over both "reindeer period" and "moose period" while reindeers are "index fossils" for the "reindeer period" only, moose and bear for the "moose period" only.**

The thing for sake of which geologists tend to overlook this is that, if you find the pelykosaur in a layer buried under some clearly other non-fossil layer of rock, that layer of rock gets the same name as a fossil bearing layer elsewhere.

If under the dino you find a non-fossil bearing layer of rock (at least as far as you are looking) it will tend to be labelled as a layer considered "older" where it bears fossils elsewhere, perhaps the layer of the pelykosaur.

This is why it is vital to distinguish the three meanings, the ideological and the two different empirical ones when dealing with chronostratigraphy. That is a "timescale" which should be reconstructed as a map, not one which should be squeezed.

Why datings by Ka-Ar tend to confirm it, at least somewhat, would probably be that many are discarded (this I trust CMI and other creationists on) but where the non-discarded ones do give a relative "timescale" it may well be because of argon dissipating later and therefore more in higher layers of lava. I don't pretend to have investigated that part, you are free to make experiments on it totally independently of any research I were to do, I have just given the general idea.

BUT, with all this, C-14 is a separate issue and therefore poses a separate challenge, one result of which may well be a squeezable time-scale.

"Humphreys makes much of the plot of radiometric dates over time,2 originally collected by Woodmorappe.9 It shows a roughly linear relationship between dates and the stages of the geological timescale (figure 2)."

[cited : Humphreys, D.R., Accelerated nuclear decay: a viable hypothesis? In: Vardiman, L., Snelling, A.A. and Chaffin, E.F. (Eds.), Radioisotopes and the Age of the Earth: A Young-Earth Creationist Research Initiative, Institute for Creation Research, Dallas, TX, and Creation Research Society, Chino Valley, AZ, p. 342, 2000.
Woodmorappe, J., Radiometric geochronology appraised; in: Woodmorappe, J. (compiler), Studies in Flood Geology, Institute for Creation Research, Dallas, TX, pp. 147–175, 1999 [available from CRS Books].]

I suspect this is about non-carbon dates, and I suspect the easy way to get a solution is to do studies in lava flows and dating of lava.

"However, a closer look reveals that the dates vary by around 200 Ma and include outliers that are billions of years too old! One example of an outlier is the 1.3 Ga Rb-Sr isochron age for lava that erupted after the Flood on the northwest rim of the Grand Canyon.10 It is obvious that the precision of relative dates is far from satisfactory to be used for absolute biblical dates."

This very clearly has no bearing on carbon dates, since these do not involve dating ages of that magnitude.

"Making sense of relative dates and converting old dates to young ones, especially in light of the temporal asymmetry of the Flood, is crucial to the whole enterprise. Earth’s history extends over 6,000 years. The Flood, which produced the bulk of the sedimentary rock record, comprises only one of those years. Thus, advocates of relative dating must know when to convert old dates to years of non-Flood history, and also to days of Flood history. Thus, the location of the pre-Flood/Flood boundary becomes crucial."

No, I don't think so.

In Yacoraite, the Cretaceous as well as the Palaeocene layers are both from the Flood. Between them, there is probably (I got no answer when writing to them) a layer of Iridium.

In Karoo, the Permian, Triassic and Jurassic layers are all from the Flood. They are found side by side, and where you find Permian surrounded by Triassic faunal types, the Permian part is considered an "outcrop".

The thing is that Cretaceous and Palaeocene snails in Yacoraite, and in Karoo, the Permian Gorgonops torvus, the Jurassic Aardonyx celestae, the Triassic Eucnemesaurus fortis were all typically buried at roughly same time in the Flood in the places where they had been living.

I tried to get this through and got an answer that this research might be a good thing for later when we know more about two and three dimensional distribution of fossils, but the thing is we DO know them, if we look at palaeontology instead of looking at geology. I know this, I went through online resources. Obvious exception, marine fauna, where you do actually find trilobites clearly below (ordinary sense of the word) an Elasmosaur - as in Bonaparte Basin, as I found out in a debate.

The lacuna in my research, so far, is for where palaeontological finds are made by oil drillers rather than bone diggers. But I suspect they would all claim to have "all steps of geological column" and insofar as they could substantiate that, it would all be marine fauna steps. Whereever palaeontologists are digging, it is my picture which has so far emerged.

Unfortunately, Oard keeps overlooking this, as his words indicate:

"Therefore, until we have a better understanding of the placement of the pre-Flood/ Flood boundary, relative dating will not yield precise dates for the Flood, and the proposals of both Baumgardner and Snelling need further work."

He is still looking for a chronostratigraphical unit where you can say "these fossils are from Flood, these from after Flood". Presumably all valid kinds (as opposed to trasngenics horrors) are there both before and after Flood, because they were all on Noah's Ark.

I am not sure if Gorgonops got aboard the Ark, but then I am not sure if Gorgonops was a creature of God in roughly same form as God created it on day six, or some experiment gone horribly wrong in transgenics.

I am sure that "Jurassic" Tyrannosaur like Creatures did live both before and after Flood. I am sure that "Cretaceous" Brachiosaur like creatures (technically Sauropods***) were there both before and after Flood. Meaning, some Jurassic and Cretaceous are really Flood layers, some would rather be post-Flood layers.

When a dino carbon dates to 28,000 BP, I am for my part getting post-Flood vibes from the date.

This doesn't mean there are no pre-Flood lives and Flood burials in dinos of same type.

Hans Georg Lundahl
Friday after
Laetare Sunday
31.III.2017

PS : I am somewhat distracted this morning and early afternoon. Partly due to sleep privations (not voluntary on my part), partly due to a "hypno binge" as I term those occurrences in my life.

I have documented it on this and subsequent posts on a new blog, termed adult content (I don't want children under 13 reading about this, at least not without parental advise):

Blog 37, on Auto Hypnosis Experience : I Katherine Anne, Interactive Induction
https://hgl-hypno-journal.blogspot.fr/2017/03/i-katherine-anne-interactive-induction.html

I mentioned this distraction, because it explains why I didn't before signing mention why I place a carbon date limit for Flood at after "40,000 BP". Neanderthals being replaced by a purely "homo sapiens sapiens" or "anatomically modern man" population corresponds fairly well to Europe having in pre-Flood times been populated by men not of Noah's kin, mostly (with perhaps some exceptions, hence the earliest Cro-Magnon in Europe), but all died off in the Flood and were replaced by people who descend from Noah.

Now I have said this, and excuse me forgetting it./HGL

* In other words, quotes in quotation marks and italics, "like this", my comments no quotation marks and no italics, like this. ** And palaeoontolgists, if anything like today, would be saying "moose developed from reindeer, so reindeer period is the older of the two" or "reindeer developed from moose, so moose period is the older". *** Technical term for Tyrannosaurus, Allosaurus and the rest : Theropoda. I feel there is some symbolism in discovery of T Rex in 1905 by one Osborn - there is an Osborne who wrote a play I had to read, Look Back in Anger and 1905 was when Norway "divorced" from Sweden which it had been in personal union with since 1814.

About 5300 Years Ago There was a World Wide Flood? Iffy ...

Here is Syncellus, same kind of rebooting as previously between Ussher and St Jerome, and as a bonus, his tables involve lots of historical lore, I am omitting most of it, but not denying myself the dates of the seven kings of Rome:

I 3258 BC

2.142 pmc, + 31 800 years, 35058 BC

II 3086 BC

25.609 pmc, + 11 250 years, 14336 BC

III 2913 BC

40.195 pmc, + 7550 years, 10463 BC

2724 BC, Dispersion of Tongues

here comes before older layers of Göbekli Tepe.

A not further calibrated table according to Syncellus must therefore renounce on identifying the city of the Tower of Babel with Göbekli Tepe.

But it is not very difficult to recalibrate by shoving the following back a little.

IV 2741 BC

54.721 pmc, + 5000 years, 7741 BC

V 2568 BC

63.751 pmc, + 3700 years, 6268 BC

VI 2396 BC

72.689 pmc, + 2650 years, 5046 BC

VII 2224 BC

78.256 pmc, + 2050 years, 4274 BC

2189 BC

Birth of Abraham.

2089 BC

Birth of Isaac.

And beginnings of a unified Egypt (and Egypt existed 24 years before Isaac was born) are Narmer, whose raw carbon date is 3400 BC? Even if this is by Egyptologists adjusted to 3200 BC as beginning of Early Dynastic Egypt.

Here we are not yet even in 3501 BC.

Or suppose the raw carbon date was a Libby date ... 3400+1950=5350, 5350*1.03=5510.5, 5510-1950=3560.

If the raw carbon date of Cambridge halflife is 3560 BC, it is possible.

VIII 2051 BC

83.844 pmc, + 1450 years, 3501 BC

IX 1879 BC

87.316 pmc, + 1100 years, 2979 BC

X 1707 BC

90.665 pmc, + 810 years, 2517 BC

1685 BC

the Syncellus date for Exodus. Falls between 2517 and 2154 BC, Cambridge carbon dates, or 2387 and 2034 BC Libby dates.

Same thing for 1645 BC, the approximate date of fall of Jericho.

I think Kenyon would be happier with a higher than 100 pmc at this date, and taking Syncellus as giving the good date for fall of Jericho (still standing 1575).

But this omits that we are dealing with a rise in carbon levels.

If Kenyon's dates for Jericho are 1575 BC (see below), it would more probably be due to it being in 1470 BC (as St Jerome chronology suggests) and misdated as older.

XI 1534 BC

92.752 pmc, + 620 years, 2154 BC

1433 BC

Debora and Barac

1386 BC

Gideon

XII 1362 BC

94.992 pmc, + 430 years, 1792 BC

1282 BC

Iephtha

1211 BC

Samson

XIII 1190 BC

96.376 pmc, + 310 years, 1500 BC

1189 BC

Agamemnon becomes king of Mycenae and of Argives

1172 BC

Syncellus' date for taking of Troy.

1166 BC

Orestes becomes king of Mycenae and of Argives

1161 BC

Aeneas becomes king of Latins

1158 BC

... and three years later Ascanius follows him

1151 BC

Eli is Judge

1128 BC

Samuel is Judge

1112 BC

Syncellus places the election of Saul

1072 BC

King David

1032 BC

King Solomon

XIV 1017 BC

97.486 pmc, + 210 years, 1227 BC

992 BC

Roboam and Jeroboam (the editor takes exception to their rule starting same year).

944 BC / 938 BC

Omri of Israel

931 / 930 BC

Josaphath of Judah

930 / 926 BC

Achab of Israel

906 BC

Joram Judah and Israel (editor)

905 BC

Joram Judah (Syncellus himself)

903 BC

Joram Israel (Syncellus himself)

894 BC

Jehu (editor)

891 BC

Joas (editor) / Jehu (Syncellus himself)

888 BC

Joas (Syncellus himself)

XV 845 BC

98.188 pmc, + 150 years, 995 BC

800 BC

Macedon begins

825 BC

Syncellus poses the date when Medes take over after Assyrians.

770 BC

Athens ceases to be a monarchy and has "archontes decennes" (archons ruling ten years or archons ruling ten together per year?)

759 BC

Founding of Rome. Romulus.

754 BC

Achas of Judah

743 / 740 BC

Hosea of Israel

738 / 735 BC

Hezechias of Judah

721 BC

Numa Pompilius

680 BC

Tullius Hostilius.

XVI 672 BC

99.298 pmc, + 60 years, 732 BC

648 BC

Ancus Martius.

625 BC

Tarquinius Priscus

613 BC

Nabuchodonosor

588 BC

Servius Tullius

548 BC

Cyrus.

544 BC

Tarquinius Superbus.

520 BC

Rome has consuls.

515 BC

Egypt is conquered by Persia.

XVII 500 BC

100 pmc, no extra years, 500 BC

Here is a citation of Jericho for you:

A succession of settlements followed from 4500 BCE onward, the largest constructed in 2600 BCE.[20]

Jericho was continually occupied into the Middle Bronze Age; it was destroyed in the Late Bronze, after which it no longer served as an urban centre. The city was surrounded by extensive defensive walls strengthened with rectangular towers, and possessed an extensive cemetery with vertical shaft-tombs and underground burial chambers; the elaborate funeral offerings in some of these may reflect the emergence of local kings.[34]

During the Middle Bronze Age, Jericho was a small prominent city of the Canaan region, reaching its greatest Bronze Age extent in the period from 1700 to 1550 BCE. It seems to have reflected the greater urbanization in the area at that time, and has been linked to the rise of the Maryannu, a class of chariot-using aristocrats linked to the rise of the Mitannite state to the north. Kathleen Kenyon reported "...the Middle Bronze Age is perhaps the most prosperous in the whole history of Kna'an. ... The defenses ... belong to a fairly advanced date in that period" and there was "a massive stone revetment... part of a complex system" of defenses (pp. 213–218).[35] Bronze-Age Jericho fell in the 16th century at the end of the Middle Bronze Age, the calibrated carbon remains from its City-IV destruction layer dating to 1617–1530 BCE. Notably this carbon dating c. 1573 BCE confirmed the accuracy of the stratigraphical dating c. 1550 by Kenyon.

There was evidence of a small settlement in the Late Bronze Age (c.1400s BCE) on the site, but erosion and destruction from previous excavations have erased significant parts of this layer.

Unfortunately, Syncellus gives no date for Joseph in Egypt, that I could find in the tables, which would be with Djoser, carbon dated, like Narmer.

The most interesting line from Jacob to Syncellus is Levi, Caath, Amram, Moses.

I have omitted lots of material from Syncellus, though it is interesting. Some is a bit more bewildering than I can deal with, I am still no great knower of the enture kings of Judah and Israel.

On a totally other note, while I think Eusebius and St Jerome and Roman Martyrology are more correct than Syncellus, the editor of the work is actually, probably, a Catholic, from Germany, Niebuhr, and in 1829 it was published in Bonn, and involves a dedication by a Paris Dominican (I have seen their Church!) namely Jacques Goar OP to one Pierre Séguier, Chancellor of France.

That was written in Rue St Honoré (a road where now the French Presidents reside) and this was under King Charles X, who conquered Algeria.

Hans Georg Lundahl
ut supra (vel infra)

Corrected correlation between a set of Syncellus dates and the crucial points, 4.IV.2017/HGL

Around Five Thousand Years Ago, There was a World Wide Flood?

Here I have rebooted the last table I gave Ussher's chronology. Namely with other BC years for Biblical chronology.

And inserted a few hints about how fitting or less fitting this chronology would be:

I 2957 BC

2.142 pmc, + 31 800 years, 34757 BC

II 2803 BC

25.609 pmc, + 11 250 years, 14053 BC

III 2650 BC

40.195 pmc, + 7550 years, 10200 BC

Low feature in Göbekli Tepe

9559 BP, 7609 BC

IV 2496 BC

54.721 pmc, + 5000 years, 7496 BC

High Feature in Göbekli Tepe

8430 BP, 6480 BC

V 2343 BC

63.751 pmc, + 3700 years, 6043 BC

VI 2189 BC

72.689 pmc, + 2650 years, 4839 BC

VII 2036 BC

78.256 pmc, + 2050 years, 4086 BC

Ur of Woolley starts

a little before Birth of Abraham

Narmer's raw carbon date

before 3332, around Birth of Isaac

VIII 1882 BC

83.844 pmc, + 1450 years, 3332 BC

IX 1728 BC

87.316 pmc, + 1100 years, 2828 BC

Date of Joseph

is close to a raw carbon date of Djoser

X 1575 BC

90.665 pmc, + 810 years, 2385 BC

Exodus (1510 BC)

would carbon date between 2385 and 2041, if we had a trace of it.

XI 1421 BC

92.752 pmc, + 620 years, 2041 BC

XII 1268 BC

94.992 pmc, + 430 years, 1698 BC

Trojan War Date 1190 BC

falls between 1114 and 1268 BC, which means the carbon date would be between 1424 and 1698 BC. Could we be dealing with Troy V?

XIII 1114 BC

96.376 pmc, + 310 years, 1424 BC

Both Troy dates (VIh and VIIa)

from Hisarlik fall between 961 BC and 1114 BC, since carbon dated between 1171 BC and 1424 BC.

XIV 961 BC

97.486 pmc, + 210 years, 1171 BC

XV 807 BC

98.188 pmc, + 150 years, 957 BC

XVI 654 BC

99.298 pmc, + 60 years, 714 BC

XVII 500 BC

100 pmc, no extra years, 500 BC

The greatest weakness of this idea is perhaps introducing Troy V as the Troy of Priam. I don't know any archaeologist who suggests that.

So, on this view, either Trojan War would be a myth, or a chronologically displaced story, or we need to look harder at possible traces of destruction in Troy V - and I don't think looking other places than Hissarlik is a great option.

Hans Georg Lundahl
ut supra

(or, as seen on blog : ut infra).

What about Ussher and Kent Hovind? Checking with Troy

This Sunday, St Joseph's Day, I set out to refute the carbonic implications of Kent Hovind's timeline. We'll see how the attempt ended, but first the statement and my first sketching out of implications.

"About 4400 years ago, there was a world wide Flood"

Anyone who has heard Kent Hovind say those words on a video, raise a hand (jk).

2400 BC

2.15 pmc

1400 BC

51.075 pmc

400 BC

100 pmc

This is if the levels form a straight line on a graph.

Otherwise we get instead

2400 BC

2.15 pmc

1400 BC

62.6213 pmc

400 BC

100 pmc

This latter is calculated as a "Fibonacci intermediary", see previous post on how I calculated values II, IV, VI, and so on. Between 2400 BC and 1400 BC, you have 1900 BC.

2400 BC

2.15 pmc

1900 BC

26.6125 pmc

1400 BC

51.075 pmc

400 BC

100 pmc

Or

2400 BC

2.15 pmc

1900 BC

41.9932634 pmc

1400 BC

62.6213 pmc

400 BC

100 pmc

Between 2400 and 1900 BC, there is 2150 BC.

2400 BC

2.15 pmc

2150 BC

14.38125 pmc

1900 BC

26.6125 pmc

1400 BC

51.075 pmc

400 BC

100 pmc

Or

2400 BC

2.15 pmc

2150 BC

26.77313678 pmc

1900 BC

41.9932634 pmc

1400 BC

62.6213 pmc

400 BC

100 pmc

Between 1900 BC and 1400 BC, there is 1650 BC.

2400 BC

2.15 pmc

2150 BC

14.38125 pmc

1900 BC

26.6125 pmc

1650 BC

38.84375 pmc

1400 BC

51.075 pmc

400 BC

100 pmc

Or

2400 BC

2.15 pmc

2150 BC

26.77313678 pmc

1900 BC

41.9932634 pmc

1650 BC

53.92 pmc*

1400 BC

62.6213 pmc

400 BC

100 pmc

And between 1400 BC and 400 BC, there was 900 BC.

2400 BC

2.15 pmc

2150 BC

14.38125 pmc

1900 BC

26.6125 pmc

1650 BC

38.84375 pmc

1400 BC

51.075 pmc

900 BC

75.5375 pmc

400 BC

100 pmc

Or

2400 BC

2.15 pmc

2150 BC

26.77313678 pmc

1900 BC

41.9932634 pmc

1650 BC

53.92 pmc*

1400 BC

62.6213 pmc

900 BC

85.7221 pmc

400 BC

100 pmc

Let's see what these levels would mean as to fake dates to the real dates - and recall, archaeology is usually dated in fake dates, sometimes of this type.

Straight line graph, first:

2400 BC

2.15 pmc, 31700 extra years, 34100 BC

2150 BC

14.38125 pmc, 16050 extra years, 18200 BC

1900 BC

26.6125 pmc, 10950 extra years, 12850 BC

1650 BC

38.84375 pmc, 7800 extra years, 9450 BC

1400 BC

51.075 pmc, 5550 extra years, 6950 BC

900 BC

75.5375 pmc, 2300 extra years, 3200 BC

400 BC

100 pmc, no extra years, 400 BC

According to this model, stone age would still be going on at the approximate time of Exodus, it would just have turned Neolithic some while ago.

I suppose 1650 BC might be an Ussher date for Joseph in Egypt? I check Haydock comment, which gives Year of the World 2369, Year before Christ 1635. This is Genesis 50:25. This would then have been also in Neolithic and clearly before any visible Egyptian unity.

Abraham was according to Ussher called Genesis 12:10: Year of the World 2084, Year before Christ 1920. So Isaac was born five years after 1900 BC, in 1895 BC. And this was Late Palaeolithic?

And King Solomon's Temple coincides roughly with early dynastic Egypt, Solomon is contemporary with Narmer (one pharao who actually has been carbon dated, though the raw date 3400 BC has been revised despite C14 to 3200 BC).

I suppose you can see why this table is useless, other than as illustration of one of its premisses being flawed.

Now, next table, the graph with Fibonacci intermediates:

2400 BC

2.15 pmc, 31700 extra years, 34100 BC

2150 BC

26.77313678 pmc, 10900 extra years, 13050 BC

1900 BC

41.9932634 pmc, 7150 extra years, 9050 BC

1650 BC

53.92 pmc*, 5100 extra years, 6750 BC

1400 BC

62.6213 pmc, 3850 extra years, 5250 BC

900 BC

85.7221 pmc, 1250 extra years, 2150 BC

400 BC

100 pmc

In this version, Exodus from Egypt is before Ur was a real city, but Solomon was at least later than Djoser (another pharao who has been carbon dated, which is rare in Egyptology, I have heard).

With these tables, no wonder that people discard Kent Hovind's and Henry M. Morris' idea of a rising carbon level.

I didn't stay here, I actually thought it might do to give Kent Hovind and Ussher a better chance than this.

That is why I came up with the levels table on the previous message here. I will now insert this timeline in 16 subdivisions into those tables.

I 2400 BC

2.142 pmc, + 31 800 years, 34200 BC

II 2275 BC

25.609 pmc, + 11 250 years, 13525 BC

III 2150 BC

40.195 pmc, + 7550 years, 9700 BC

IV 2025 BC

54.721 pmc, + 5000 years, 7025 BC

V 1900 BC

63.751 pmc, + 3700 years, 5600 BC

VI 1775 BC

72.689 pmc, + 2650 years, 4425 BC

VII 1650 BC

78.256 pmc, + 2050 years, 3700 BC

VIII 1525 BC

83.844 pmc, + 1450 years, 2975 BC

IX 1400 BC

87.316 pmc, + 1100 years, 2500 BC

X 1275 BC

90.665 pmc, + 810 years, 2085 BC

XI 1150 BC

92.752 pmc, + 620 years, 1770 BC

XII 1025 BC

94.992 pmc, + 430 years, 1455 BC

XIII 900 BC

96.376 pmc, + 310 years, 1210 BC

XIV 775 BC

97.486 pmc, + 210 years, 985 BC

XV 650 BC

98.188 pmc, + 150 years, 800 BC

XVI 525 BC

99.298 pmc, + 60 years, 585 BC

XVII 400 BC

100 pmc, no extra years, 400 BC

I think this is still a bit too much squeezing of conventional timelines a bit too late, since last millennium BC was fairly well documented.

Also, just before it, we have Troy sacked. This is too much squeezing for the current identification of sacked Troy with Troy VI. Or is this identification still current? I'll be checking. Here are Troy VII and Troy on wiki. Here is a selective and composite quote:

Troy VII ... was built following the destruction of Troy VIh,[2] probably by an earthquake c. 1300 BC. A number of layers are distinguished:

• Troy VIIa: ca. 13th century BC
• Troy VIIb1: 12th century BC
• Troy VIIb2: 11th century BC
• Troy VIIb3: until c. 950 BC

The city of the archaeological layer known as Troy VIIa, which has been dated on the basis of pottery styles to the mid- to late-13th century BC, lasted for about a century, with a destruction layer at c. 1190 BC. It is the most often-cited candidate for the Troy of Homer and is believed to correspond to Wilusa, known from Hittite sources dating to the period of roughly 1300–1250 BC.

The layers of ruins in the citadel at Hisarlık are numbered Troy I – Troy IX, with various subdivisions:[note 2]

• Troy I 3000–2600 BC (Western Anatolian EB 1)
• Troy II 2600–2250 BC (Western Anatolian EB 2)
• Troy III 2250–2100 BC (Western Anatolian EB 3 [early])
• Troy IV 2100–1950 BC (Western Anatolian EB 3 [middle])
• Troy V: 20th–18th centuries BC (Western Anatolian EB 3 [late])
• Troy VI: 17th–15th centuries BC
• Troy VIh: late Bronze Age, 14th century BC
• Troy VIIa: c. 1300–1190 BC, most likely setting for Homer's story
• Troy VIIb1: 12th century BC
• Troy VIIb2: 11th century BC
• Troy VIIb3: until c. 950 BC
• Troy VIII: c. 700–85 BC
• Troy IX: 85 BC–c. AD 500

Now, if the identification here of destruction layer carbon dated as 1190 BC with Trojan War is correct, there is no squeezing at all towards the beginning of first millennium BC.

If on the other hand the destruction identified as of an earthquake 1300 BC is really that of Trojan War, then the squeezing at beginning of the last millennium** BC was about 110 years. Or 60 years, if the earthquake is rather dated 1250 BC.

This is the position I was looking for when I started the tables : 1189 carbon dated as 1289.

If the above last table for Ussher chronology is right, we would have 1275 BC, a bit before Trojan War, dated as 1770 BC. This would make the city of Priam identic, not indeed to Schliemann's Troy II, but at least to Troy V.

On the other hand, if Schliemann was right, supposing this to be carbon dates, which is probable, "Troy II 2600–2250 BC (Western Anatolian EB 2)" would mean 1040 extra years at destruction of Troy. So, taking Schliemann's Troy for Priam's would mean above last table has a bit too little squeezing towards the end.

So, generally speaking, even with this best table, if my new start is better, Ussher's timeline is too short.

But of course, Kent Hovind might want to defend it by NOT taking the divisions I-XVII above in even chronological sequence, he might want to calibrate how fast and slow the progression goes.

I might want to do it myself in a while. For my own preference, the chronology of St Jerome, which is used in the Roman Martyrology, as usually with me. It might even be needed for Syncellus.

But more thereof, for another time.

Hans Georg Lundahl
ut "supra"***

* Omitting some zeros and further decimals.

** Or towards end of second to last millennium BC, rather.

*** Relative to layout on the blog, it is of course "ut infra".

New Fibonacci Calibration

My older Fibonacci Table was more complex in calculation, but had one possible flaw, apart from complexity : by going too far in Fibonacci series, it involved the earliest rise into too fast rising, if it was indeed too fast.

Here I have gone only from 1, 1, 2 to 21. Not to 610.

On the other hand, I have, perhaps unduly simplified, as if the carbon 14 level rising itself were following a Fibonacci curve of decreased augmentation.

In the older table it was one component of the production of new C14 which did so.

I'll explain for non-experts : a stable carbon 14 level in atmosphere means, for one thing, a stable level of normal carbon dioxide in atmosphere, which I take to have been stable since Flood, with less overall than before Flood, since some would have been buried - not sure how much this affects the result, though. Why so, you may ask? Because the C14 level is not measured against volume of atmosphere, since it is taken in samples of organic material which have long since ceased to be part of atmosphere. It is measured against weight of other carbon, all of which basically has been carbon dioxide in atmosphere.

A stable carbon 14 in atmosphere also means the decay rate is stable, which I grant, taking the Cambridge half life : 5730 years = after them any sample will have half as much C14 as it had before them. This includes the sample which is carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

But this means that a stable carbon 14 level involves one more thing too, namely a stable producttion of new carbon 14 which is in balance with what is lost through radioactive decay within the atmosphere itself.

And this means that a rising level of Carbon 14 either involves not enough time having lapsed since the rise from scratch began, if that is how it worked, or that some time the present level was simply given as part of creation, which I do not grant, though God could have done it, precisely as for similar mathematical reasons we cannot have had a rise to a stable level happen through normal today's production of new C14. Or, third possibility, a rising level could also involve new carbon 14 being produced faster than now, while the level is rising.

This is of course my view of the matter, since back in 2015.

Now, the Fibonacci Table of 2015 took the production of new carbon 14 during the period I study into two portions : the portion which is today's level of new production, and the portion which exceeds it, which portion I divided into Fibonaccian multiples of a certain dividend of it.

Here, it is much more clumsy as approach, I only take eight steps of rise in the resulting level itself.

And these I calculated on Sunday, St Joseph's Day and Third Sunday of Lent, or Third Lord's Day of Lent. However, that only gives 9 levels of C14, including 100 percent modern carbon and the presumed Flood level of modern carbon.

I wanted more levels, so this morning, St Benedict's Day, I added 8 intermediary levels, using a formula of intercalation which basically multiplies the difference between two levels by 0.618 and then decides that product is added onto lower level in order to produce the intermediate one.

And here we have the results, I did some rounding, reducing pmc exactitude to three decimal places:

I

2.142 pmc, + 31 800 years

II

25.609 pmc, + 11 250 years

III

40.195 pmc, + 7550 years

IV

54.721 pmc, + 5000 years

V

63.751 pmc, + 3700 years

VI

72.689 pmc, + 2650 years

VII

78.256 pmc, + 2050 years

VIII

83.844 pmc, + 1450 years

IX

87.316 pmc, + 1100 years

X

90.665 pmc, + 810 years

XI

92.752 pmc, + 620 years

XII

94.992 pmc, + 430 years

XIII

96.376 pmc, + 310 years

XIV

97.486 pmc, + 210 years

XV

98.188 pmc, + 150 years

XVI

99.298 pmc, + 60 years

XVII

100 pmc, no extra years

And to make sure that we are dealing* with Cambridge half life, here are some diagnostic pmc's: 70.7 should give half of a halflife, 2865 years, gives 2850. 50 should give a halflife, 5730, gives 5750. 25 should give two half lives, 11 460, gives 11450.

I suspect that the calculator* has been given some either calibration or rounding, and if rounding, I think it can basically be trusted. For our purpose, which is not identical to that of those putting it online.

You may notice that I have not given BC years either for Biblical or "carbon dated" chronologies, this because I think above table can very well be adapted to diverse Biblical chronologies and also get the years between its steps calibrated to faster or slower, if needed.

Hans Georg Lundahl
Nanterre UL
St Benedict's Day
or Tuesday after
III Lord's Day in Lent
21.III.2017

PS, in case some are dense (or just need some tea or coffee) : the pmc levels given are not of what would be expected now from whatever the year, they are meant as normal pmc level of atmosphere and recent normal samples back then. Therefore they do not give the carbon age, they only give the extra years above the carbon age. As it would have been if carbon 14 level had been 100 pmc./HGL

* The Carbon 14 Dating Calculator is the one which I gave a short link http://ppt.li/3m8 because its full link is a bit long:

Carbon 14 Dating Calculator
https://www.math.upenn.edu/~deturck/m170/c14/carbdate.html

Quora : Does the Bible, Torah and the Quran tell us how long humans have been on this Earth and where they first appeared?

Q

Does the Bible, Torah and the Quran tell us how long humans have been on this Earth and where they first appeared?
https://www.quora.com/Does-the-Bible-Torah-and-the-Quran-tell-us-how-long-humans-have-been-on-this-Earth-and-where-they-first-appeared/answer/Hans-Georg-Lundahl

ARq

Answer requested by 1 person Anonymous

Hans-Georg Lundahl

Studied religions as curious parallels and contrasts to Xtian faith since 9, 10?

Written Wed

The Quran? No.

Islamic tradition, yes, when it says Mohammed was 39 or 40 generations from Adam (which I don’t believe), but the Quran, no.

It is a very short and incomplete document for a religion.

The Bible, notably the Torah, yes.

At least as far as when.

Where, depends on where you place the four rivers, two of them are the limits of Mesopotamia, as they flow now, but it is disputed where the other two went, though one was the Nile.

In one version, Euphrates and Tigris are the North Rivers and Nile and an Arabian river the South rivers, and the common source probably in Holy Land, with Jordan as the source of all four.

In another version, Euphrates and Tigris are the Central Rivers, Nile the West extreme and Ganges (possibly turning to Danube) the East Extreme.

You could also imagine Danube was one of the four and Ganges a false identification, in that case Euphrates and Tigris are the East Rivers and Danube and Nile the West Rivers.

How that hints about the common source is a guess (btw, when I speak of Danube, I mean same river bed but opposite direction before the Flood : palaeontology shows Vienna has been a sea shore.)

As for how long ago, that is not a guess, it is even more stricter limited.

Adam was 130 or 230 when he begat Seth. Depends on which text you find most reliable. Depending on text, the Flood was in 2242 or 1656 or 1305 after Creation.

Genealogies of Genesis - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genealogies_of_Genesis

After Flood, Abraham can have been born 3414/3184, 1948 or 2247 after Creation.

After that there are more years given in the life of each patriarch up to migration into Egypt. So, between Abraham and Joseph there is little room for doubt on how many years. Between Joseph receiving his family and Moses going out of Egypt with their descendants, there are two versions, 400 years or 215 years, the latter being most probable.

After Exodus, the timeline is 40 years up to entry into land of Canaan, after Moses died and Joshua succeeded him, so many years (40 I think) up to death of Joshua, some convoluted histories in the time known as the Judges between Joshua and King Saul and King David and King Solomon, probably straightened out if you read an overview in Paralipomena (a k a Chronicles), between King Solomon and Babylonian captivity the timeline is fairly straight forward, and Babylonian captivity occurred in … checking wiki:

The Babylonian captivity or Babylonian exile is the period in Jewish history during which a number of Judahites of the ancient Kingdom of Judah were captives in Babylonia. After the Battle of Carchemish in 605 BCE, Nebuchadnezzar, the king of Babylon, besieged Jerusalem, resulting in tribute being paid by King Jehoiakim. [1] Jehoiakim refused to pay tribute in Nebuchadnezzar's fourth year, which led to another siege in Nebuchadnezzar's seventh year, culminating with the death of Jehoiakim and the exile of King Jeconiah, his court and many others; Jeconiah's successor Zedekiah and others were exiled in Nebuchadnezzar's eighteenth year; a later deportation occurred in Nebuchadnezzar's twenty-third year. The dates, numbers of deportations, and numbers of deportees given in the biblical accounts vary. [2] These deportations are dated to 597 BCE for the first, with others dated at 587/586 BCE, and 582/581 BCE respectively.[3]After the fall of Babylon to the Persian king Cyrus the Great in 539 BCE, exiled Judeans were permitted to return to Judah.[4][5]According to the biblical book of Ezra, construction of the second temple in Jerusalem began around 516 BCE. All these events are considered significant in Jewish history and culture, and had a far-reaching impact on the development of Judaism.

Babylonian captivity - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babylonian_captivity

This means that the wikipedian article is probably written from Jewish perspective, it is possible that Christian chronologists have a century more between Babylonian captivity and Birth of Christ.

Birth of Christ is also dated in relation to Roman chronology, which was a good one.

Since first Christians were in Roman still Pagan Empire, which later converted under Constantine, we can date them by emperors, and see what pope was martyred under what emperor. And the emperors are well dated.

Other answers

to same question
https://www.quora.com/Does-the-Bible-Torah-and-the-Quran-tell-us-how-long-humans-have-been-on-this-Earth-and-where-they-first-appeared

ARq to Muhammad Ahmed

Answer requested by 1 person Anonymous

Muhammad Ahmed

Design Engineer at And or Logic (2014-present)

Written Wed

i dont know about Torah and Bible but Quran answers that

Hans-Georg Lundahl

How?

Mike Rommel

Retired

Written Tue

The Quran is out of the picture, has very little information that is historical except what it borrowed from the Bible. The Bible has genealogies from Jesus back to Adam, and through those we can be quite sure that the time back to Adam from now is about 6000 years. Where the garden of Eden was is not known.

Meghan Louve

former engineer, trans woman

Written Tue

No. It has been proven that modern man (homo sapiens) has been around for approximately 200,000 years, largely in Africa, and spread from there. The first five chapters of the Bible and the Torah are roughly 3300 years old. The story of Adam and Eve cannot be interpreted literally. The Qur’an was revealed to Muhammad in the seventh century.

Hans-Georg Lundahl

"It has been proven that modern man (homo sapiens) has been around for approximately 200,000 years, largely in Africa, and spread from there."

How is that proven?

"The first five chapters of the Bible and the Torah are roughly 3300 years old."

I'd say the written form together with the rest of Genesis in the lifetime of Moses, who was 80 in 1510 BC.

But their content can have been transmitted either purely orally, or with writing support in full though lost or yet in another way:

Assorted retorts from yahoo boards and elsewhere : ... on Genevieve von Petzinger's 32 late palaeolithic signs
http://assortedretorts.blogspot.com/2017/03/on-genevieve-von-petzingers-32-late.html

"The story of Adam and Eve cannot be interpreted literally."

It very often is, so how can you say it cannot be so?

If you mean "a literal translation of it cannot be true" I suppose of course you are referring to the supposed proofs of "200,000 years".

Ken Parson

I drink and I know things

Written Wed

Putting aside the issue of Biblical inerrancy, the Bible has, kinda. There are contradictory genealogies for Jesus in the Bible, but the one in the Gospel of Luke goes all the way to Adam (of “Adam and Eve” fame) to Jesus. The Old Testament lists the age at death for many of the major players, some of which appear in the Luke’s genealogy. There is also one event mentioned in the Bible for which there are multiple reliable secular sources corroborating the date for said event: The Death of Nebuchadnezzar. That happened in 562 BC.

So, many Biblical scholars from early Christianity to the present have added together the age at death for any the descendants whose longevity is listed in the Old Testament and estimated the lifespans for those whose longevity is not mentioned. The date of Nebuchadnezzar's death was then used as a reference point. This led most scholars to place the creation of Adam, as described in Genesis, to around 4000–5000 BC.

Hans-Georg Lundahl

“The Old Testament lists the age at death for many of the major players, some of which appear in the Luke’s genealogy.”

And more importantly, perhaps, age of a major player when siring the relevant son.

Richard Carrier Refutes Certain Evolutionists

Creation vs. Evolution : Richard Carrier Refutes Certain Evolutionists · somewhere else : Carrier on Tacitus

I once asked my natural science teacher at junior high school how he knows Big Bang happened or Evolution happened. Or Abiogenesis.

Or how he knew Solar System arose out of a whirl of gas getting hotter as whirling closer.

Or perhaps even how he knew Solar System was working on Newtonian mechanics.

Well, the reply I got was basically : "we are here, if it didn't work, we wouldn't be".

I had an objection which he broke off my trying to voice in class. Before you guess which one it is, here is Richard Carrier for you:

The probability that the evidence exists given that we are observing it, and the probability that the evidence would exist given that a particular event happened in the past, are not the same probability.

One immediate simplification I would make is:

The probability a given piece of evidence exists that we observe (1/1) and the probability that it is evidence of a particular explanation rather than another (not 1/1) are not same probability.

The observation of a piece of evidence is not a substitute for good logic about what it is evidence about.

Now, this latter is not exactly what Richard Carrier is saying, but what he is saying is one way of finally coming at this.

What he is saying is somewhat more intricate, I'll give that too, and also (though external to this blog) answer his anti-Christian application of it:

And accordingly, FoE, despite saying P(e) is always 1 because “that’s the evidence we have,” correctly shows on screen that this is not true for the meningitis testing. He posits for his example that the probability of e, “a positive test result,” is 0.5% when you don’t have meningitis (aka ~M) and 99.5% if you do have meningitis (aka M); and he posits a base rate of having M of 1 in 1000, which means a prior probability of 0.001, or 0.1%, one tenth of one percent. And that means P(e), the probability of a positive test result “whether or not” you have M, is not 100% but in fact [P(“positive test result for M”|M) x P(base rate of M)] + [P(“positive test result for M”|~M) x P(base rate of ~M)], or, as he correctly shows on screen, (0.995 x 0.001) + (0.005 x 0.999) = (0.000995) + (0.004995) = 0.00599 (or about 0.6%). Which is nowhere near 1 (aka 100%).

One therefore would never say the probability of a positive test result “whether or not you have meningitis” is 100%. Because, in his own example, it’s 0.6%! And FoE seems to know this, as that’s what he shows on the screen. But he doesn’t connect the two examples, so he never notices his mistake in saying P(e) equals 1. The really weird thing here is that if he really thinks P(e), the whole denominator of every Bayesian equation, is always 1 because we always “have the evidence we have,” then you don’t need the denominator at all. The probability of anything is then just P(e|h) x P(h). That should have clued him in that he was making an error in his statement here. I will charitably assume he misspoke and didn’t really mean to say that.

Otherwise, he is confusing two completely different probabilities, and to help anyone else from making that mistake even if he didn’t mean to, remember this:

The probability that the evidence exists given that we are observing it, and the probability that the evidence would exist given that a particular event happened in the past, are not the same probability.

So, for example, if assessing the evidence of a murder, FoE found blood on the accused, he could rightly say “the probability that the accused is bloody, given that I observed and verified the accused is bloody” is 1 (or near enough; there is always some nonzero probability of still being in error about that, but ideally it will be so small a probability we can ignore it). But that doesn’t answer how the blood got there. What we want to know is: What is the probability that the accused is bloody given that they murdered the victim? And then, what is the probability that the accused would be bloody (= that they will test positive for meningitis / that the accounts of Jesus we have would be written when and as we have them) whether or not they murdered the victim (= whether or not they have meningitis / whether or not Jesus existed)?

That is not going to be 1. The blood could be their own; it doesn’t follow that the blood is from the victim. Or the blood could be there because they tried to rescue the victim, not because they murdered them. It doesn’t even follow that every time someone murders someone, they get or keep the victim’s blood on them. Like a positive meningitis test, many people test positive, whether or not they have meningitis. Moreover, many test negative, whether or not they have it. Similarly, many a biography is written of men, whether or not those men existed. So P(e) is frequently not 1. And in fact whenever it is 1, that means there is no evidence for the hypothesis at all.

I disagree with Richard Carrier's following assessment about biographies often getting written about men who never existed.

If we mean biographies of men taken by the normal first readership as historical, this is not true, and biographies of Bilbo or Frodo Baggins or of Peter, Susan, Edmund and Lucy Pevensey have by normal readers not been taken as historical (nor by me, if anyone imagining I am not a normal reader, because I keep returning to these examples, both as inspiring stories and because they fit this point).

What Carrier means is that biographies of Hercules, Romulus, Theseus, Aeneas, Perseus and Andromeda and quite a few more, as well as of Moses and Aaron, Joshua, King David, as well as of King Arthur, some seem ready to add Charlemagne, as well as of Adils and Rolf Kraki, Rolf's father Roar or Hrothgar and Beowulf as well as his uncle Hygelac / Hugleik / Chlochilaicus and a few more have been written without these men existing.

I think he is wrong, these men have existed, even if some details about some of them are wrong.

As a Christian I am not obliged to believe Perseus and Andromeda never lived. I am obliged to believe they did not get first raptured and then trasnformed to constellations instead of dying, and that is it. I am not obliged to believe Hercules never existed, I am obliged to believe he didn't suckle Hera in such a way as to produce the Milky Way. And while disbelief in them is not directly against any dogma, I will not do Richard Carrier the favour of diseblieving them so he can say I am inconsistent in believing Jesus and Moses.

That is on the topic of Richard Carrier's own essay, now back to the topic of this blog.

Some seem to think that the probability of:

• bodies starting to orbit each other;
• chemicals starting to combine;
• living brains including neuron exchanges

producing

• stable orbits lasting for billions of years;
• a series of cells produding cells and evolving;
• consciousness, thought, evolving into reason and language

is very close to 1, given that we observe

• stable orbits of Earth around Sun and other planets around Sun (except we don't really, since we don't observe Earth orbitting, we have also not observed the billions of years);
• life in a myriad of forms;
• the fact that we are conscious.

I think they are wrong, as Richard Carrier just told us:

The probability that the evidence exists given that we are observing it, and the probability that the evidence would exist given that a particular event happened in the past, are not the same probability.

Or, as I concluded from this:

The observation of a piece of evidence is not a substitute for good logic about what it is evidence about.

Those who deduce

• astronomy is there because bodies starting to orbit each other;
• biology is there because chemicals starting to combine;
• mind is there because living brains including neuron exchanges

are making the totally wrong assessment about the real likelihoods of what bodies starting to orbit each other, chemicals starting to combine or brains including neuron exchanges would produce on their own, and are being illogical about what can be certainly deduced from the fact that we have astronomy, biology and mind capable of observing both.

Most likely, bodies starting to orbit each other would not achieve stability, especially not if many are involved, disturbing each others' orbits, see however the discussions about this with a physicist under my post on topic, where however orbits are presumed as already in stable directions and distances:

New blog on the kid* : Newtonianly speaking, Can Earth Still Orbit Sun After 4.5 Billion Years?
http://nov9blogg9.blogspot.com/2017/01/newtonianly-speaking-can-earth-still.html

And most likely chemicals starting to combine would disintegrate, and most likely, or even certainly, if neurons in brain cells were only a matter of physics complicated a bit by chemistry, electricity and biology, mind would not be a resulting operation or quality.

And as they are wrong about their explanations being logically deduced, they are (or could at least) also be wrong about God NOT being deduced from these observations. Carrier, thanks for a neat logics lesson!

Hans Georg Lundahl
Nanterre UL
Sabbath after
II Lord's Day in Lent
18.III.2017

* It is my present main blog. Geocentrism is so unknown, they would hardly seek out a blog for Geocentrism, and in France, YEC is so unknown, French speakers hardly seek out a blog about YEC. Hence, Geocentrism in any language or Young Earth Creationism in French would rather go to my main blog than here, some exceptions.

Syncellus A bis, the table

The Fibonacci shape has been remade from scratch, somewhat more billowing than previous ones.

I 3258 BC - Flood

35000 BC, 35874 BP

(BC + 1950)/1.03=BP

 

31742 extra years, 2.15 pmc

 

I-II 3196 BC

 

21.857660324-2.15=19.707660324

19.707660324*0.618=12.179334080232

12.179334080232+2.15=14.329334080232

 

16050 extra years, 19246 BC, 20579 BP

 

II 3134 BC

 

34.039418-2.15=31.889418

31.889418*0.618=19.707660324

19.707660324+2.15=21.857660324

 

12550 extra years, 15684 BC, 17120 BP

 

II-III 3072 BC

 

34.039418-21.857660324=12.181757676

12.181757676*0.618=7.528326243768

7.528326243768+21.857660324=29.385986567768

 

10100 extra years, 13172 BC, 14682 BP

 

III 3011 BC

 

53.751-2.15=51.601

51.601*0.618=31.889418

31.889418+2.15=34.039418

 

8900 extra years, 11911 BC, 13457 BP

 

III-IV 2950 BC

 

46.221175676-34.039418=12.181757676

12.181757676*0.618=7.528326243768

7.528326243768+34.039418=41.567744243768

 

7250 extra years, 10200 BC, 11796 BP

 

IV 2888 BC

 

53.751-34.039418=19.711582

19.711582*0.618=12.181757676

12.181757676+34.039418=46.221175676

 

6400 extra years, 9288 BC, 10911 BP

 

IV-V 2826 BC

 

53.751-46.221175676=7.529824324

7.529824324*0.618=4.653431432232

4.653431432232+46.221175676=50.874607108232

 

5600 extra years, 8426 BC, 10074 BP

 

V 2764 BC - Tower of Babel Starts

9559 BP, 7609 BC

9846 BP, 7896 BC

 

5132 extra years, 53.751 pmc

 

VI 2724 BC - Confusion of Tongues

8430 BP, 6480 BC

8683 BP, 6733 BC

 

4009 extra years, 61.572 pmc

 

VI-VII 2647 BC

 

70.726336356-61.572=9.154336356

9.154336356*0.618=5.657379868008

5.657379868008+61.572=67.229379868008

 

3300 extra years, 5947 BC, 7667 BP

 

VII 2570 BC

 

76.384842-61.572=14.812842

14.812842*0.618=9.154336356

9.154336356+61.572=70.726336356

 

2850 extra years, 5420 BC, 7155 BP

 

VII-VIII 2493 BC

 

76.384842-70.726336356=5.658505644

5.658505644*0.618=3.496956487992

3.496956487992+70.726336356=74.223292843992

 

2450 extra years, 4943 BC, 6692 BP

 

VIII 2416 BC

 

85.541-61.572=23.969

23.969*0.618=14.812842

14.812842+61.572=76.384842

 

2250 extra years, 4666 BC, 6423 BP

 

VIII-IX 2339 BC

 

82.043347644-76.384842=5.658505644

5.658505644*0.618=3.496956487992

3.496956487992+76.384842=79.881798487992

 

1850 extra years, 4189 BC, 5960 BP

 

IX 2262 BC

 

85.541-76.384842=9.156158

9.156158*0.618=5.658505644

5.658505644+76.384842=82.043347644

 

1650 extra years, 3912 BC, 5691 BP

 

IX-X 2186 BC

 

85.541-82.043347644=3.497652356

3.497652356*0.618=2.161549156008

2.161549156008+82.043347644=84.204896800008

 

1400 extra years, 3586 BC

 

X 2109 BC - Abraham in En Gedi

3400 BC, 5375 BP

 

1291 extra years, 85.541 pmc

Cleaning up a bit:

I 3258 BC - Flood

35000 BC, 35874 BP, 31742 extra years, 2.15 pmc

I-II 3196 BC

14.329 pmc, 16050 extra years, 19246 BC, 20579 BP

II 3134 BC

21.858 pmc, 12550 extra years, 15684 BC, 17120 BP

II-III 3072 BC

29.386 pmc, 10100 extra years, 13172 BC, 14682 BP

III 3011 BC

34.039 pmc, 8900 extra years, 11911 BC, 13457 BP

III-IV 2950 BC

41.568 pmc, 7250 extra years, 10200 BC, 11796 BP

IV 2888 BC

46.221 pmc, 6400 extra years, 9288 BC, 10911 BP

IV-V 2826 BC

50.875 pmc, 5600 extra years, 8426 BC, 10074 BP

V 2764 BC - Tower of Babel Starts

9559 BP, 7896 BC, 5132 extra years, 53.751 pmc

VI 2724 BC - Confusion of Tongues

8430 BP, 6733 BC, 4009 extra years, 61.572 pmc

VI-VII 2647 BC

67.229 pmc, 3300 extra years, 5947 BC, 7667 BP

VII 2570 BC

70.726 pmc, 2850 extra years, 5420 BC, 7155 BP

VII-VIII 2493 BC

74.223 pmc, 2450 extra years, 4943 BC, 6692 BP

VIII 2416 BC

76.385 pmc, 2250 extra years, 4666 BC, 6423 BP

VIII-IX 2339 BC

79.882 pmc, 1850 extra years, 4189 BC, 5960 BP

IX 2262 BC

82.043 pmc, 1650 extra years, 3912 BC, 5691 BP

IX-X 2186 BC

84.205 pmc, 1400 extra years, 3586 BC

X 2109 BC - Abraham in En Gedi

3400 BC, 5375 BP, 1291 extra years, 85.541 pmc

Credits as usual to http://web2.0calc.com/
and to https://www.math.upenn.edu/~deturck/m170/c14/carbdate.html
which is shortened http://ppt.li/3m8

And, once again, to the University Library of Heidelberg!

Hans Georg Lundahl
Nanterre UL
Monday after
II Lord's Day in Lent
13.III.2017

Syncellus A bis, B and St Jerome C & D - uncalibrated dates found, setup before making tables

8430 ± 80 the sample gives only a terminus ante quem
= feature C, near pillar 11, 115 cm below the soil surface, area L9-76

9559 ± 53 both dates (two extreme out of five) are BP.
= level III / feature A (Schlangenpfeilergebäude), fill, area L9-75, locus 48.1 / botanical sample 17

Göbekli Tepe
http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/c14.php?vonsite=389

Syncellus A bis:

3258 BC - Flood

2764 BC - Tower of Babel Starts
9559 BP, 7609 BC

2724 BC - Confusion of Tongues
8430 BP, 6480 BC

2109 BC - Abraham in En Gedi

Syncellus B:

3258 BC - Flood

2764 BC - Tower of Babel Starts

2724 BC - Confusion of Tongues
8430 BP, 6480 BC

2109 BC - Abraham in En Gedi

St Jerome vs Syncellus:

3258 BC - Flood
2957 BC - Flood
0301 years

2109 BC - Abraham in En Gedi
1932 BC - Abraham in En Gedi
0177 years

St Jerome C

2764 BC - Tower of Babel Starts
0301
2463 BC
9559 BP, 7609 BC

2724 BC - Confusion of Tongues
0301
2423 BC
8430 BP, 6480 BC

St Jerome D

2764 BC - Tower of Babel Starts
0177
2587 BC
9559 BP, 7609 BC

2724 BC - Confusion of Tongues
0177
2547 BC
8430 BP, 6480 BC

Many thanks to Mrs/Miss Adele Bill of University of Heidelberg for linking to the site where I found the above!/HGL

Here is an Argument I Was Right on Karyograms

I urge you to get the book, buy it in paper or in the e-book format:

Comparative Mammalian Cytogenetics : An International Conference at Dartmouth Medical School Hanover, New Hampshire, July 29–August 2, 1968
Kurt Bernischke | 6 décembre 2012 |Springer Science & Business Media
https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=cRn2CAAAQBAJ&rdid=book-cRn2CAAAQBAJ&rdot=1&source=gbs_vpt_read&pcampaignid=books_booksearch_viewport

What I copied was from a free pre-view, you can browse it yourself.

It was pages 280 to 283, an article by Charles F. Nadler.

The last words need to be cited again : the best method of establishing fission is phylogenetics. In full:

Perhaps analysis of large samples from mammalian species whose normal karyotype is known in detail will provide cytological proof of fission by demonstrating two acrocentrics derived from a metacentric. Until that time, careful correlation of chromosomal patterns with phylogenies based on other kinds of taxonomic evidence offers the best means for establishing the fission hypothesis.

You do not get field observations confirming that the fission process occurs in mammals.

That is why I gave a diagram, since it was suggested to me that cross over of unequal portions could create an extra chromosome coexisting with the normal one from the other parent.

Or coexisting with the other portion?

But, so far, I have got no confirmation I was wrong, and can therefore still hope I was right :

• fission does not occur (as with tetraploidy, as with trisomy extended to tetrasomy divided into new pair), and therefore mammals cannot have a common ancestor with a lower karyogram than that of the mammal having the highest.
  
  
• And on the other hand, mammals have such a typical range of karyograms in 48 to 56 chromosomes, that the original mammal, if there was one ancestral to the rest, cannot have had more than 56 chromosomes either.
  
  
• And, there are mammals having more than 56 chromosomes, which therefore cannot descend from a proto-mammal.

But, how about trying to get around this by proposing a realistic, if perhaps not yet observed, scenario, from my previous diagrams?

Come on, some evolutionist taking up the challenge?

Hans Georg Lundahl
Nanterre UL
Ember Friday
of Lent
10.III.2017

Interim II St Jerome A / St Jerome Fibonacci

In order to update the Interim, I was going to be more precise about archaeological dates for Göbekli Tepe and Biblical one for Tower of Babel.

I was also testing a fresh approach on the Fibonacci curve.

However, I see this precision on Göbekli Tepe for the moment has to go.

Reason, the carbon date I was using was not a raw date, not a Libby Date re-calculated for Cambridge halflife, it was rather an already calibrated one.

So Biblical 2733=Archaeological 8600 BC goes out.

That said, the table St Jerome A was not based on the equation I just mentioned of Dispersion of Tongues with end of Göbekli Tepe.

This means, it can integrally be reused in the Interim II, except for the parts which directly refer to Göbekli Tepe.

So, Interim II is based in Interim Report and St Jerome A. The former from Abraham in En Gedi on, the latter up to Abraham in En Gedi

i The Flood 2957 BC

(St Jerome)

1.636 %, + 34 000 years, 36 957 BC

ij 2888 BC

19.78 pmc, 13 400 years +, 16 288 BC

iij 2820 BC

33.849 pmc, 8950 years +, 11 770 BC

iu 2751 BC

45.062 pmc, 6600 years +, 9351 BC

u 2683 BC

53.756 pmc, 5150 years +, 7833 BC

uj 2614 BC

60.687 pmc, 4150 years +, 6764 BC

uij 2545 BC

66.061 pmc, 3450 years +, 5995 BC

uiij 2476 BC

70.344 pmc, 2900 years +, 5376 BC

ix 2408 BC

73.663 pmc, 2550 years +, 4958 BC

x 2340 BC

76.312 pmc, 2250 years +, 4590 BC

xj 2271 BC

78.366 pmc, 2000 years +, 4271 BC

xij 2202 BC

80.000 pmc, 1850 years +, 4052 BC

xiij 2134 BC

81.266 pmc, 1700 years +, 3834 BC

xiu 2065 BC

82.28 pmc, 1600 years +, 3665 BC

2015 BC

Birth of Abraham, St Jerome.

xu 1997 BC

83.069 pmc, 1550 years +, 3547 BC

xuj 1928 BC

83.689 pmc, 1450 years +, 3378 BC

xuj = Mid pt. 1928 BC

83.689 % + 1472 years, 3400 BC

xuij / XIII 1883 BC

84.35 %, + 1400 years, 3283 BC

xuiij / XIV 1794 BC

86.82 %, + 1150 years, 2944 BC

xix / XV 1704 BC

87.636 %, + 1091 years, 2800 BC

xx / XVI 1614 BC

91.388 %, + 740 years, 2354 BC

xxj / XVII 1525 BC

92.632 %, + 630 years, 2155 BC

xxij / XVIII 1436 BC

94.953 %, + 430 years, 1866 BC

xxiij / XIX 1346 BC

95.724 %, + 360 years, 1706 BC

xxiu / XX 1256 BC

97.152 %, + 240 years, 1496 BC

xxu / XXI 1167 BC

97.626 %, + 200 years, 1367 BC

xxuj / XXII 1078 BC

98.519 %, + 120 years, 1198 BC

xxuij / XXIII 988 BC

98.816 %, + 100 years, 1088 BC

xxuiij / XXIV 898 BC

99.351 %, + 50 years, 948 BC

xxix / XXV 809 BC

99.529 %, + 40 years, 849 BC

xxx / XXVI 720 BC

99.827 %, + 10 years, 730

xxxj / XXVII 630 BC

100.005 %, 0 years ±. 630 BC

Alternative table, using instead of St Jerome A, the relevant parts of original St Jerome based Fibonacci table, as updated before Göbekli Tepe became a mid point:

I, Flood, 2957 BC

3.461 % = + 27,800 years, 30,757 BC

II 2868 BC

25.175 % = + 11,400 years, 14,268 BC

III 2778 BC

35.648 % = + 8550 years, 11,328 BC

IV 2688 BC

51.849 % = + 5450 years, 8138 BC

V 2599 BC

55.595 % = + 4850 years, 7449 BC

VI 2510 BC

64.896 % = + 3550 years, 6060 BC

VII 2420 BC

67.924 % = + 3200 years, 5620 BC

VIII 2330 BC

74.14 % = + 2450 years, 4780 BC

IX 2241 BC

76.429 % = + 2200 years, 4441 BC

X 2152 BC

80.224 % = + 1800 years, 3952 BC

XI 2062 BC

81.138 % = + 1750 years, 3812 BC

XII 1972 BC

83.33 % = + 1500 years, 3472 BC

Mid pt. 1928

83.689 % + 1472 years, 3400 BC

XIII 1883 BC

84.35 %, + 1400 years, 3283 BC

XIV 1794 BC

86.82 %, + 1150 years, 2944 BC

XV 1704 BC

87.636 %, + 1091 years, 2800 BC

XVI 1614 BC

91.388 %, + 740 years, 2354 BC

XVII 1525 BC

92.632 %, + 630 years, 2155 BC

XVIII 1436 BC

94.953 %, + 430 years, 1866 BC

XIX 1346 BC

95.724 %, + 360 years, 1706 BC

XX 1256 BC

97.152 %, + 240 years, 1496 BC

XXI 1167 BC

97.626 %, + 200 years, 1367 BC

XXII 1078 BC

98.519 %, + 120 years, 1198 BC

XXIII 988 BC

98.816 %, + 100 years, 1088 BC

XXIV 898 BC

99.351 %, + 50 years, 948 BC

XXV 809 BC

99.529 %, + 40 years, 849 BC

XXVI 720 BC

99.827 %, + 10 years, 730

XXVII 630 BC

100.005 %, 0 years ±. 630 BC

If Neanderthals were Carnivores, were they Post-Flood?

Neanderthal : Neanderthal Pre-or Post-Flood? · If Neanderthals were Carnivores, were they Post-Flood? · "what biblical, young earth creationists have always maintained" · Is there an Urban Legend that Grendel and His Mother were Dinosaurs Among Creationists? · · http://creavsevolu.blogspot.com/2017/12/neanderthals-related-to-michael-oards.html · Hugh Ross and Genetics, Featuring a Gruesome Habit (Don't Read This When You Eat!)

As I mentioned, I have a problem integrating Göbekli Tepe archaeology into the timeline, since I don't yet know the uncalibrated carbon dates for GT. While waiting for a response (it could be there when I take a look in the mail), I'm dealing with another question.

I just encountered this, yesterday:

No. After Noah’s Flood around 2500 BC, Yahweh explicitly gave man permission to eat meat.

The fear of you and the terror of you will be on every beast of the earth and on every bird of the sky; with everything that creeps on the ground, and all the fish of the sea, into your hand they are given. Every moving thing that is alive shall be food for you; I give all to you, as I gave the green plant. (Genesis 9:2-3 KJV)

Yahweh gave meat, birds, and fish to man to eat, just as He had originally given green plants.

So the first human carnivores were Noah’s family.

Did Adam Like Steak?
(4 Minute Read)| Posted by: BibleScienceGuy | August 3, 2016
https://biblescienceguy.wordpress.com/2016/08/03/did-adam-like-steak/

The first actual carnivores?

Or the first carnivores with God's blessing?

One can also imagine that carnivorousness was generally not done, but exceptionally done when an animal was sacrificed, up to Flood.

But generally speaking carnivorousness was not God's plan for man before the Flood.

Can it have happened anyway?

It seems some Neanderthal bones have been found with marks suggesting cannibalism. That certainly suggests something like "all the thought of their heart was bent upon evil at all times," "And the earth was corrupted before God, and was filled with iniquity," and "for all flesh had corrupted its way upon the earth". In other words, meat eating can have been done as defiance of God's original plan, along with cannibalism.

Also, not all Neanderthals were meateaters:

Caveman menu: Woolly rhino in Belgium, mushrooms in Spain video
SETH BORENSTEIN
Last updated 15:31, March 9 2017
http://www.stuff.co.nz/science/90250357/caveman-menu-woolly-rhino-in-belgium-mushrooms-in-spain

Eating like a caveman meant chowing down on woolly rhinos and sheep in Belgium, but munching on mushrooms, pine nuts and moss in Spain. It all depended on where they lived, new research shows.

Scientists got a sneak peek into the kitchen of three Neanderthals by scraping off the plaque stuck on their teeth and examining the DNA. What they found smashes a common public misconception that the caveman diet was mostly meat. They also found hints that one sickly teen used primitive versions of penicillin and aspirin to help ease his pain.

So, supposing that Neanderthals lived pre-Flood, those who lived in Spain were living more like God had wanted it than those living in Belgium.

Of course, if they lived as excluded from most of Nodian society and if that meant hardships, it is quite possible God did not consider their meat eating sinful, unlike of course cannibalism.

As to "primitive versions of penicillin", that would mean bread mold. One way of getting it in well tasting package is of course blue cheese - if you like these, as I do. And yes, I tested it while not being able to buy penicillin or other antibiotic, it works.

The primitive version of aspirin would probably be bark from willow bracnhes.

And, if you did not live as far North as Belgium, as said, you might even be a Neanderthal vegetarian. Meaning, within the framework God set for normal behaviour before the Flood.

While Genesis 9:3 certainly means it is not of itself sinful to eat meat, we do well to revive pre-Flood conditions once in a while, on that account.

The rule among Pharisees seems to have been Mondays and Thursdays or perhaps Tuesdays and Thursdays every week, among Christians it was cnaged even very early on to Wednesday and Friday every week, and when later on dispensations for Easter tide came, it was made up for by so to speak "collecting" some of this vegetarianism to weekdays in Lent, fridays and saturdays in Advent. And fridays outside Easter tide and Christmas octave.

Hans Georg Lundahl
Nanterre UL
Ember Friday
of Lent
10.III.2017

See also: Cannibal Belgian Neanderthals made tools from human bones
Last updated 15:05, July 7 2016
http://www.stuff.co.nz/world/europe/81868371/Cannibal-Belgian-Neanderthals-made-tools-from-human-bones

Flood to Abraham, Syncellus A, and a Problem

Our Lord being in Syncellus born the precise year of 5500 anno mundi, this give the following years from Flood to Abraham - in his chronology:

5500
2242 Diluvium
3258 BC (Flood)

5500
2736 Opificium turris Babylon
2764 BC (starting to build the tower "of Babylon")

5500
2771 Phalec nascitur
2729 BC (Peleg born)

5500
2776 Linguarum confusio et gentium dispersio
2724 BC (Confusion of tongues and dispersion of nations)

5500 / 5500
3311 / 3312 Abraham nascitur
2189 / 2188 BC (Abraham is born)

But this means that Abraham in En Gedi would have been ...

3311
0080
3391

5500
3391
2109 BC.

So we have the four points here:

3258 BC - Flood
2764 BC - Tower of Babel Starts
2724 BC - Confusion of Tongues
2109 BC - Abraham in En Gedi

The second point may (A) or may not (B) coincide with beginning of Göbekli Tepe ("9600 BC"), while the confusion of tongues would coincide with or precede the abandonment of Göbekli Tepe ("8600 BC"). Here we will deal with case A, all of Göbekli Tepe taking only 40 years.

Outline

3258 BC - Flood

1.688 pmc, + 33700 years, 37000 BC

2764 BC - Tower of Babel Starts

43.739 pmc, + 6850 years, 9600 BC

2724 BC - Confusion of Tongues

49.125 pmc !, + 5876 years, 8600 BC

2109 BC - Abraham in En Gedi

85.541 pmc, + 1291 years, 3400 BC

3258 BC - Flood

1.688 pmc, + 33700 years, 37000 BC

3225 BC

10.987 pmc, + 18250 years, 21475 BC

3192 BC

18.196 pmc, + 14100 years, 17292 BC

3159 BC

23.943 pmc, + 11800 years, 14959 BC

3126 BC

28.399 pmc, + 10400 years, 13526 BC

3093 BC

31.951 pmc, + 9450 years, 12543 BC

3060 BC

34.705 pmc, + 8750 years, 11810 BC

3027 BC

36.9 pmc, + 8250 years, 11277 BC

2995 BC

38.601 pmc, + 7850 years, 10845 BC

2962 BC

39.958 pmc, + 7600 years, 10562 BC

2929 BC

41.011 pmc, + 7350 years, 10279 BC

2896 BC

41.849 pmc, + 7200 years, 10096 BC

2863 BC

42.497 pmc, + 7050 years, 9913 BC

2830 BC

43.017 pmc, + 6950 years, 9780 BC

2797 BC

43.421 pmc, + 6900 years, 9697 BC

2764 BC (starting to build Babel)

43.739 pmc, + 6850 years, 9614 BC

Above, formulas

(43.739-1.688)/22.245

=1.89035738368172623061362103843560350640593391773432

multiply by the Fibonacci serial factors, add back 1.688

3258-2764=494

494/15=32.9333333333333333

Below, formulas

2724-2109=615

615/15=41

(85.541-49.125)/22.245

=1.6370420319172847830973252416273319847156664419

multiply by the Fibonacci serial factors, add back 49.125

2724 BC

49.125 pmc, + 5876 years, 8600 BC

2683 BC

57.178 pmc, + 4600 years, 7283 BC

2642 BC

63.421 pmc, + 3750 years, 6392 BC

2601 BC

68.398 pmc, + 3150 years, 5751 BC

2560 BC

72.256 pmc, + 2700 years, 5260 BC

2519 BC

75.332 pmc, + 2350 years, 4869 BC

2478 BC

77.718 pmc, + 2100 years, 4578 BC

2437 BC

79.618 pmc, + 1900 years, 4337 BC

2396 BC

81.092 pmc, + 1750 years, 4146 BC

2355 BC

82.267 pmc, + 1600 years, 3955 BC

2314 BC

83.179 pmc, + 1500 years, 3814 BC

2273 BC

83.904 pmc, + 1450 years, 3723 BC

2232 BC

84.465 pmc, + 1400 years, 3632 BC

2191 BC

84.916 pmc, + 1350 years, 3541 BC

2150 BC

85.266 pmc, + 1300 years, 3450 BC

2109 BC

85.541 pmc, + 1300 years, 3409 BC

As you may have noted, between beginning and end of Göbekli Tepe, there is a rapid rise in radiocarbon. This may be an asset, if this coincides with the Younger Dryas.

Note, the Younger Dryas impact hypothesis is controversial:

The Younger Dryas impact hypothesis or Clovis comet hypothesis originally proposed that a large air burst or earth impact of one or more comets initiated the Younger Dryas cold period about 12,900 BP calibrated (10,900 ¹⁴C uncalibrated) years ago. The hypothesis has been contested by research showing that most of the conclusions cannot be repeated by other scientists, and criticized because of misinterpretation of data and the lack of confirmatory evidence.

10,900 ¹⁴C uncalibrated years ago? Well, uncalibrated carbon years is precisely what these tables are for. And 10 900 BP = 8950 BC.

The problem is that ... my Göbekli Tepe dates are actually calibrated dates. I'd have needed uncalibrated ones. Also, if it is calibrated 9000 BC, it will not coincide with uncalibrated 9000 BC.

Hans Georg Lundahl
Nanterre UL
Thursday in Ember
Week of Lent
9.III.2017

Flood to Abraham, St Jerome B

On the less likely "St Jerome B version", Tower of Babel dispersion event is as far from Flood as in Georgius Syncellus, and therefore closer to Abraham instead. It would have been in 2424 BC.

To explain, St Jerome's Christmas chronology quoted from Roman Martyrology in itself does not state anything about Tower of Babel. So, to me, where St Jerome's chronology placed that event is somewhat mysterious.

Extra years if end of Göbekli Tepe is the dispersion of tongues at Tower of Babel, 6176 of them, makes for a carbon level 47.374 pmc. Levels for 2957 (Flood) and 1928 (Abraham in En-Gedi) as previous.

2957 BC

1.636 pmc, + 34000 years, 36957 BC

2921 BC

11.75 pmc, + 17700 years, 20621 BC

2886 BC

19.592 pmc, + 13500 years, 16386 BC

2850 BC

25.842 pmc, + 11200 years, 14050 BC

2815 BC

30.689 pmc, + 9750 years, 12565 BC

2779 BC

34.552 pmc, + 8800 years, 11579 BC

2744 BC

37.548 pmc, + 8100 years, 10844 BC

2708 BC

39.935 pmc, + 7600 years, 10308 BC

2673 BC

41.786 pmc, + 7200 years, 9873 BC

2637 BC

43.262 pmc, + 6950 years, 9587 BC

2602 BC

44.407 pmc, + 6700 years, 9302 BC

2566 BC

45.318 pmc, + 6550 years, 9116 BC

2531 BC

46.023 pmc, + 6400 years, 8931 BC

2495 BC

46.589 pmc, + 6300 years, 8795 BC

2460 BC

47.029 pmc, + 6250 years, 8710 BC

2424 BC

47.374 pmc, + 6200 years, 8624 BC

Here the formula for pmc was a series of phi related values multiplied by the specific : ( 47.374 - 1.636 ) / 22.245
=2.05610249494268374915711395819285232636547538773,
add back 1.636.

Note that the table shows the years for Göbekli Tepe as being 2637 to 2424 BC, corresponding to 9587 to 9624 BC. 213 years of building activity, like Israel in Egypt.

Now the formula will be same series with the other specific here: ( 83.689 - 47.374 ) / 22.245
=1.63250168577208361429534726904922454484153742414026,
add back 47.374.

2424 BC

47.374 pmc, + 6200 years, 8624 BC

2391 BC

55.404 pmc, + 4900 years, 7291 BC

2358 BC

61.631 pmc, + 4000 years, 6358 BC

2325 BC

66.593 pmc, + 3350 years, 5675 BC

2292 BC

70.441 pmc, + 2900 years, 5192 BC

2259 BC

73.509 pmc, + 2550 years, 4809 BC

2226 BC

75.887 pmc, + 2300 years, 4526 BC

2193 BC

77.783 pmc, + 2100 years, 4293 BC

2159 BC

79.252 pmc, + 1900 years, 4059 BC

2126 BC

80.424 pmc, + 1800 years, 3926 BC

2093 BC

81.333 pmc, + 1700 years, 3793 BC

2060 BC

82.056 pmc, + 1650 years, 3710 BC

2027 BC

82.616 pmc, + 1600 years, 3627 BC

1994 BC

83.065 pmc, + 1550 years, 3544 BC

1961 BC

83.415 pmc, + 1500 years, 3461 BC

1928 BC

83.689 pmc, + 1450 years, 3378 BC

If you feel this one is more likely than the other one, feel free to use it instead.

If you feel Ziggurat of Ur is a better match than Göbekli Tepe for Tower of Babel project, feel free to use that one for 2424 BC. There is a problem with that.

Ziggurat of Ur is supposed to have been built by Ur-Nammu, and perhaps there is even some evidence to back that up. And Ur-Nammu is a bit too late:

Ur-Nammu (conventional) 2112–c. 2095 (short chronology) 2047–2030 BC.

Sumerian had already been spoken and written for some while and if these dates were to date like 2424 BC, well, the pmc of atmosphere would have been around 99% already - way too high for so early, if one is to date Abraham in En Gedi as ... Chalcolithic of En Gedi.

So, to me, Ziggurat of Ur is out of the question as "Tower of Babel" project. Note also that Ur was not abandoned after the Ziggurat. This means buildings would have been added to Ur after the Ziggurat. And this means if the Ziggurat had been the tower of Babel, the text would be wrong, where it says "and they ceased to build the city" (Genesis 11:8b).

Obviously, it is not.

Ur is not the city which they were building.

But other end of Shinar, Göbekli Tepe could be the abandoned city, with 18 km (12 miles?) to Urfa, a k a Edessa. A city then begun after Göbekli Tepe was abandoned (see Genesis 11:8) and which could be Ur Kasdim.

I look at the years here, I think 2424 is late for Göbekli Tepe. With 2424 you have GT starting 213 years earlier, according to the curve. I think St Jerome A is a better alternative, or Georgius Syncellus. I have not yet looked at St Jerome C.

Hans Georg Lundahl
Nanterre UL
Ember Wednesday
of Lent
8.III.2017

PS, nearly forgot to credit my good calculating helps, the online calcuilator here:
http://web2.0calc.com/
and the carbon 14 calculator here:
https://www.math.upenn.edu/~deturck/m170/c14/carbdate.html
with short link: http://ppt.li/3m8

Was I wrong on Karyograms?

I got a tip a few days ago, that uneven cross over could create new chromosome which could co-exist with old, eventually as a new pair.

I asked for a diagram, got none, and did one myself, for 8 possibilities:



Possibilities I and V are fairly normal crossover. IV and VIII look interesting. II, III, VI, and VII all look as if we could get to a point where a double centromered chromosome breaks - which would lead to at least one of the resulting chromosomes having two telomeres with no centremere between.

Hans Georg Lundahl
ut infra

Flood to Abraham, St Jerome A

I'll divide the versions Biblically possible for time from Flood to Abraham into Georgius Syncellus as such (with Flood in 3266 BC and Tower of Babel in 2733, which gives 533 after Flood, while Peleg was born 531 after Flood in full Byzantine LXX based chronology), St Jerome A, which shortens only the time between Flood and Tower of Babel, St Jerome B, which instead shortens the time between Tower of Babel and Abraham, St Jerome C, which shortens both and the time from Flood to Babel by omitting "second Cainan" which can explain the divergence between St Jerome and Syncellus.

This fairly continuous table, both as to curve and as to intervals, is calculated on Flood and Abraham in En Gedi, and there is a place where it gets to Göbekli Tepe like years in a year close to 2733 BC:

The Flood 2957 BC

(St Jerome)

3.8987 %, + 26 800 years, 29 757 BC?

3.5 %, + 27 700 years, 30 657 BC

1.636 %, + 34 000 years, 36 957 BC? !

For last part, 83.689 %

83.689 % - 1.636 % = 82.053 %

82.053/22.245=3.6886041807147674

2888 BC

4.919*3.6886041807147674

18.1442439649359408406+1.636

19.78 pmc, 13 400 years +, 16 288 BC

2820 BC

8.733*3.6886041807147674

32.2125803101820637042+1.636

33.849 pmc, 8950 years +, 11 770 BC

C-14 dated 9600 BC

Beginning of Göbekli Tepe.

2751 BC

11.773*3.6886041807147674

43.4259370195549566002+1.636

45.062 pmc, 6600 years +, 9351 BC

2733 BC

Tower of Babel (Syncellus, "St Jerome A" as defined above)

C-14 dated 8600 BC

End of Göbekli Tepe.

2683 BC

14.13*3.6886041807147674

52.119977073499663362+1.636

53.756 pmc, 5150 years +, 7833 BC

2614 BC

16.009*3.6886041807147674

59.0508643290627113066+1.636

60.687 pmc, 4150 years +, 6764 BC

2545 BC

17.466*3.6886041807147674

64.4251606203641274084+1.636

66.061 pmc, 3450 years +, 5995 BC

2476 BC

18.627*3.6886041807147674

68.7076300741739723598+1.636

70.344 pmc, 2900 years +, 5376 BC

2408 BC

19.527*3.6886041807147674

72.0273738368172630198+1.636

73.663 pmc, 2550 years +, 4958 BC

2340

20.245*3.6886041807147674

74.675791638570466013+1.636

76.312 pmc, 2250 years +, 4590 BC

2271 BC

20.802*3.6886041807147674

76.7303441672285914548+1.636

78.366 pmc, 2000 years +, 4271 BC

2202

21.245*3.6886041807147674

78.364395819285233413+1.636

80.000 pmc, 1850 years +, 4052 BC

2134

21.588*3.6886041807147674

79.6295870532703986312+1.636

81.266 pmc, 1700 years +, 3834 BC

2065

21.863*3.6886041807147674

80.6439532029669596662+1.636

82.28 pmc, 1600 years +, 3665 BC

2015 BC

Birth of Abraham, St Jerome.

1997 BC

22.077*3.6886041807147674

81.4333144976399198898+1.636

83.069 pmc, 1550 years +, 3547 BC

1928 BC

22.245*3.6886041807147674

82.053000000000000813+1.636

83.689 pmc, 1450 years +, 3378 BC

And, if we clean up a bit, this gives:

The Flood 2957 BC

(St Jerome)

1.636 %, + 34 000 years, 36 957 BC

2888 BC

19.78 pmc, 13 400 years +, 16 288 BC

2820 BC

33.849 pmc, 8950 years +, 11 770 BC

C-14 dated 9600 BC

Beginning of Göbekli Tepe.

2751 BC

45.062 pmc, 6600 years +, 9351 BC

2733 BC

Tower of Babel (Syncellus, "St Jerome A" as defined above)

C-14 dated 8600 BC

End of Göbekli Tepe.

2683 BC

53.756 pmc, 5150 years +, 7833 BC

2614 BC

60.687 pmc, 4150 years +, 6764 BC

2545 BC

66.061 pmc, 3450 years +, 5995 BC

2476 BC

70.344 pmc, 2900 years +, 5376 BC

2408 BC

73.663 pmc, 2550 years +, 4958 BC

2340

76.312 pmc, 2250 years +, 4590 BC

2271 BC

78.366 pmc, 2000 years +, 4271 BC

2202

80.000 pmc, 1850 years +, 4052 BC

2134

81.266 pmc, 1700 years +, 3834 BC

2065

82.28 pmc, 1600 years +, 3665 BC

2015 BC

Birth of Abraham, St Jerome.

1997 BC

83.069 pmc, 1550 years +, 3547 BC

1928 BC

83.689 pmc, 1450 years +, 3378 BC

To recapitulate : 1928 is when Abraham is in En Gedi based on Genesis 14 + birth in 2015 BC. Chalcolithic in En Gedi would be carbon dated as c. 3400 BC, and so was the crude carbon dating for Narmer - which reminds us that the kingdoms, both Egypt and Babylon, started in the time of Abraham.

Georgius Syncellus gives us Tower of Babel event in 2733 BC, but also 533 after Flood, which he, unlike St Jerome, puts in 3266 BC. Of the versions by which a Syncellus date for Tower of Babel can be adapted into the Christmas chronology of St Jerome, this is version A, where all St Jerome gets shorter gets between Flood and Babel. In version B, I'll give a Tower of Babel 533 years after St Jerome's year of the Flood, which will in version C, I'll ignore Syncellus and give Tower of Babel a year of 403 after the Flood - as Peleg in LXX "minus second Cainan" gives us a birthyear of 401 after Flood. Perhaps there will also be a St Jerome D, in which I do a middle between the late and early adaptations of Syncellus' Tower of Babel to St Jerome's chronology. And I hope there will also be a Syncellus version.

Whichever Biblical year be chosen for Tower of Babel, I think it is good if it matches the end of Göbekli Tepe which was in my view the city around the Tower of Babel Project - which has much more recently been completed in a less dangerous way than in Nimrod's original version. I think it was Cape Canaveral and Baikonur that Nimrod was trying to achieve. The baken bricks which would then originally have been in Göbekli Tepe (as isolation material to shield from radiation of a nuke fuelled space probe) would later have been removed and reused elsewhere, and also imitated elsewhere. The pieces with bitumen would have been for instance removed to build Ziggurat of Ur which, as appropriate, has a covering of bitumen.

Hans Georg Lundahl
Nanterre UL
Monday in Ember Week
of Lent
6.III.2017